Treatment, Recovery, And Prevention Of Complications Of A Stroke. Treatment Of Stroke
If a stroke is handled effectively, in addition to saving lives, the long term disability can also be prevented. Experts and specialists have set the standard of handling strokes,among which are:
- In the handling of the first, immediately contact the hospital to ask for an ambulance.
- Bring the patient to the hospital which provides handling of specialist.
- Do a scan immediately, such as a CT scan or MRI scan.
- Place patient in a special handling unit is a stroke.
- An examination of the impact of the damage of a stroke, one of them with tests ofswallow.
- Bring the patient to undergo the rehabilitation of stroke.
- Always give support stroke patients so that she can return to normal life in the midst of the community.
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| Treatment, Recovery, And Prevention Of Complications Of A Stroke |
Treatment of ischemic stroke
Drugs such as alteplase clot buster can be used to treat ischemic strokes. However,not all patients fit with this treatment. Granting of alteplase is only effective if given in the first four and a half hours after the stroke began. If through that time period, these drugs are not proven to have a positive impact. Basically, the bigger the chance to heal if given the faster alteplase.
To reduce the possibility of blood clotting, patients can also be given anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin because aspirin platelets can reduce the levels in the sticky blood cells. Patients could be given medicines to other anti-platelet if allergic to aspirin.
Anticoagulants as additional remedy
Other drugs that can prevent blood clotting anticoagulant drugs are. Anticoagulants to prevent blood clotting by changing the chemical composition of the blood.Examples of drugs anticoagulants are warfarin and heparin, rivaroxaban. Anticoagulant medication given to sufferers of irregular heartbeat with the aim to reduce the risk of blood clotting.
Blood pressure-lowering drugsOne way to prevent stroke is to reduce blood pressure. If a person's blood pressure is high, then the doctor will prescribe anti-hypertension to drop him, such as:
- Enzyme inhibitor drugs modifier angiotensin (angiotensin coverting enzyme/ACEinhibitors).
- Remedy inhibitor of alpha and beta (alpha-and beta-blockers).
- Thiazide diuretics.
- Potassium channel inhibitor drugs (calcium channel blockers).
Statins for lowering cholesterol
Statins given to people with high cholesterol. Statins inhibit an enzyme for producing cholesterol in the liver.Narrowing of the carotid arteries
The carotid artery is a blood vessel in the neck or that serves as a supplier of blood to the brain. Some ischemic stroke occurs due to the buildup of fat that narrow your carotid arteries. Constriction is also known as the carotid stenosis (carotid stenosis).The operation can be done doctor when the constriction is considered already severe.
Treatment of stroke hemoragik
Handling of stroke hemoragik is usually with surgery. The surgery was performed to repair a ruptured blood vessel and blood in the brain. The operating procedure is referred to as kraniotomi. During the kraniotomi, a small part of the skull of the head will be opened. Then doctors will repair damaged blood vessels and make sure there is no blood clotting. The bones of the skull that opened earlier will be installed again after the bleeding stops.
After surgery, patients will be given the facility a ventilator to help him breathe.Ventilator give time on the patient's body to recover and control pembekakan in the brain. Usually during recovery, the patient will be given a drug inhibitor of angiotensin converter enzyme (ACE inhibitor) to lower blood pressure and prevent the occurrence of return stroke.
Treatment of ischemic attacks shortly
Ischemic attack moment can lead to a stroke. To prevent this from happening, then the doctor will prescribe in accordance with the cause of the onset of is chaemic attack shortly.
If ischemic attacks shortly caused cholesterol and high blood pressure, then the doctor will give the drug an inhibitor of angiotensin converter enzyme (ACE inhibitor) or statins, or even a combination of both. In some cases, the operating procedures of the carotid endartectomy is required if ischemic attacks shortly occur due to a buildup of fat in the carotid artery.
Stroke Recovery
A stroke can have an impact on Your life and well-being in various aspects.Rehabilitasinya process-specific and depends on the symptoms you are experiencingand how severe the symptoms are. A number of experts and specialists can help.Among them are psychologists, occupational therapists, speech therapists, nurses and physicians, as well as physiotherapy.
The ravages of stroke can be widespread and lasting longer. Before recovering as readily kala, sufferers have to do rehabilitation in the long period. But most of them will never recover fully.
The physical impact of stroke
There are several physical impact that results from stroke, including paralysis on one side of the body and the disruption of the body's balance and coordination. Some people also may experience extreme fatigue in the first few weeks after a stroke.
Paralysis on the part of the body should be examined by the physiotherapists who will devise a treatment plan. Physiotherapists will usually starts after the patient's medicalcondition is stable. Posture and balance is the main thing will be fixed by physiotherapists. After that the patient will undergo a brief session that lasted several minutes. The duration of the session will increase along with the return of control and muscle strength of the patient.
There are two targets created physiotherapists, short-term targets and long-term targets. The target in the short term, patients will be trained to perform simple movements such as taking an object. While in the long term, target patients trained to stand and walk.
In the process, physiotherapists not only his own work. Family members of patientscould have been involved. The point so that family members of these patients were able to train patients in the home.
Physical recovery is relatively long. Physiotherapy can take several months or even years and usually therapy is stopped if the condition of the patient no longer shows progress.
The cognitive impact of stroke
One or more of the cognitive functions can be impaired due to a stroke. Cognitive function is the term used to describe the ability of the brain to process information.Cognitive functions include:
- Memory.
- Concentration.
- Communication either in writing or orally.
- Awareness of body position on the environment surrounding it.
- The ability of doing physical activity such as bathing or eating.
- The capability of performing executive functions, such as solving problems, make a plan, and consider the situation.
Before the plan of rehabilitation and treatment is made, the rest of the patient's cognitive functioning should be examined.
In rehabilitation, the patient will be taught a variety of cognitive function recovery techniques, one of which is a therapy for recovering communicate. There is also a way to replace the lost cognitive function, one of them with the mounting AIDS memory.Some cognitive function will be recovered after rehabilitation, though not a hundred percent.
Brain damage resulting from a stroke can also increase the occurrence of vascular dementia. Vascular dementia can occur immediately or some time after the stroke.
The psychological impact of stroke attack
After the stroke, they can experience the psychological impact in the form of depression or anxiety disorders. Feel angry, anxious, confused, depressed, and frustration is only natural.
Psychologists can give advice and motivation so that the stroke is not overly impact on the lives of patients, such as family life or his sexual life.
One of the psychological therapy after stroke is cognitive behavior therapy. This therapy aims to help patients positive minded. In addition to therapy from psychologists, those closest to support is also very important to restore the condition of the soul of the patient as readily.
Problems on the ability to communicate
Problems in speaking, understanding, reading and writing a lot of experienced peopleafter stroke. It is called as disfasia or aphasia. Aphasia due to defective parts of the brain that governs speech capability or damage to muscles that support these capabilities. To restore communication abilities, patients will be handled by the occupational therapist.
Problems with vision
Sometimes some people experience vision disorders after stroke, such as blind in one eye. It is caused by damage to the part of the brain that receive, process, and translate the information sent by the eyes.
Sex life post stroke and how to menyiasatinya
Although some part of the body of people who never experienced a stroke of paralysis, but they can still enjoy intimate moments together with their spouse. They can try a number of positions that suit their circumstances. Sex does not make the sufferer more risky stroke again so the sufferer is not banned for sex.
Some drugs can lower libido, stroke because it expected patients consult a doctor if you experience these problems. There are some medications that can resolve the issue.
Problems in the urinary bladder
A stroke can attack parts of the brain that controls the disposal of urine. There fore people who ever stroke could be bed wetting without him even realizing.
Driving a vehicle in post stroke
Usually after a stroke, people are not recommended for driving for a month. Fast or slow someone be driving again will depend on the long-term damage they experienced and what they would steer. A doctor can help you decide if the sufferer may be driving back or should undergo further examination.
For stoke sufferer nurse
There are many ways to support the family or friends ever stroke so quick progress in their rehabilitation, including:
- Help motivate the sufferer in reaching the long-term target.
- Adapt to their conditions, such as speak slowly if they are experiencingcommunication problems.
- Get involved in the practice of physiotherapy.
- Provide moral support and belief that their condition will recover over time.
A sense of frustration and loneliness often experienced by those who take care of anyone who has ever suffered a stroke. Because of that some of the suggestions outlined below are expected to be of help.
Prepare your heart for dealing with behavior change
The personality of the people who never got a stroke often experience changes in behavior and sometimes could not rationally. For example they can be grumpy and haters. It is caused by the impact of the psychological and cognitive. Although annoying, try not to taken heart. Remember that their real personality will return after their rehabilitation progress.
Trying to stay patient and positive minded
The attitude of the patient and positive thoughts is urgently needed to support the recovery of people who once suffered a stroke. Often long-running rehabilitation and making us frustrated. But believe me, there will be a period in which the progress achieved. Strive to encourage and praise the slightest progress because that way, the sufferer will continue to be motivated to achieve their long term targets.
It is important to take a little time for yourself
Do not ignore the physical or psychological health of your own, even though You'retaking care of people who have experienced a stroke. Socialize with friends or leisure can clear your mind and help you cope with the situation better.
The chances of stroke sufferer to be able to live a normal life again
- About a third of stroke patients recover completely even though it should continue to be supported in order to be able to live a normal life.
- About a third of stroke patients recover, but suffered paralysis. Ranging from mild paralysis as it needs to be assisted while bathing, to paralysis as heavy as couldn't get up at all.
- About a third of stroke patients do not recover completely and died within a year, in fact most of them died in the hospital in a couple of weeks early.
Stroke Prevention
The best way to prevent stroke is to exercise regularly, eat nutritious foods and healthy, not consuming liquor is excessive, and not smoking.
Prevent strokes through diet
Bad food is the main cause of a person's stroke. Foods that contain saturated fat and high-salt should be avoided. These foods can cause the onset of cholesterol deposits in the arteries, obesity, diabetes, and high blood are all trigger a stroke. Salt consumption good is as much as 6 grams or one teaspoon per day.
Recommended for health food is food that is rich in fat not saturated, proteins, vitamins, and fiber. The whole food you can get on vegetables, fruits, wheat, and low-fat meat like chicken breast.
The following is a list of foods that you should beware because it contains high in saturated fat:
- Pieces of fatty meat
- Foods or beverages that contain coconut milk
- Cream
- Cakes and biscuits
- Foods containing coconut or Palm oil
- Cheese
- Butter
In order for the cholesterol levels in your body decreases, then your diet should be well balanced. A balanced diet includes foods rich in fat not saturated, among them:
- Avocado fruit
- Fish oil
- Olive oil, vegetable oil, sunflower oil, as well as the seeds of the rapeseed
- Nuts and seeds
Prevent strokes sports
Regular exercise can make the heart and circulatory system work more efficiently.Exercise can also lower cholesterol levels and maintain your weight and blood pressure at a healthy level.
The recommended cholesterol level health experts are 5 millimoles/liter of blood,whereas a healthy blood pressure is in the range of 90/60 mmHg to 120/80 mmHg.Blood pressure is measured using two numbers. The first number represents the pressure when the heart is pumping blood throughout the body or known as systolic pressure. While the second number represents the pressure when the heart is at rest to wait for the next heartbeat or contraction and is known as diastolic pressure.
Aerobic activities like brisk walking and cycling for two and a half hours each week is highly recommended. But for those new to recovery from stroke, should consult firstwith your doctor before starting the activities. Regular exercise is usually impossible to do in a few weeks or months after the first stroke, but you can already start exercising after rehabilitation progress.
Stop smoking
Risk of stroke is increased two-fold if you smoke because smoking can narrow the arteries and make the blood tends to clot. With you not to smoke, then you can increase health and avoid other health problems, such as lung disease and heart.
Avoid consumption of alcoholic beverages
Liquors contain high calories. If liquor is consumed in excess, then you are susceptible to various diseases such as stroke triggers diabetes, high blood pressure, and blockage of arteries. Excessive consumption of alcohol can also make the heart beat becomes irregular.
Complications Of Stroke
A stroke can lead to the emergence of a variety of other health problems or complications, and most of these complications can endanger the life of the sufferer.Three among the complications-complications that commonly arises is:
Thrombosis in the vein or blood clotting in the legs
Five percent of people will experience blood clotting in their legs after a stroke. The condition is known as venous thrombosis in. This condition usually occurs in people who are no longer able to move their legs normally. With the cessation of movement of the legs, then the flow in the blood vessels of the legs become more slow and blood pressure will rise. This increases the risk for the occurrence of blood clotting.
The symptoms of venous thrombosis in the leg, among others:
- Pain
- The swelling
- Leg pain when pressed
- The skin of the foot looks reddish colored
- The skin of the foot warmer
If you experience a thrombosis in the vein, then you need a fast handling due to the possibility of freezing can be switched to the lungs. The condition known as pulmonary emboli and can lead to death.
Venous thrombosis in can be treated with anti-clotting drugs. The doctor will probably recommend that you wear stockings varicose veins if you are at risk of venous thrombosis in the exposed in the days to come. The use of the varicose stockings are intended to reduce the blood pressure in your legs.
Hydrocephalus or high production of cerebrospinal fluid
About ten percent of people who experience a stroke hemoragik be affected by hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus is a complication that occurs due to excessive production of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain cavity. Excessive production is caused byimpact damage stroke hemoragik. The symptoms are nausea and vomiting, loss of balance, and headaches.
Cerebrospinal fluid serves to protect the brain and spinal cord, as well as serve to liftdirt from brain cells. The cerebrospinal fluid flows continuously through the whole of the inside and surface of the brain, and spinal cord. The rest of the cerebrospinal fluid is usually discarded from the brain for further absorbed by the body.
Hydrocephalus can be treated. Usually the doctor will attach a hose into the brain to remove excess liquid.
Dysphagia or difficulty swallowing
The damage caused by stroke can interfere with swallowing reflex, as a result of food particles can get into the respiratory tract. Problems in swallowing is known as dysphagia. Dysphagia can lead to damage to the lungs and can trigger pneumonia or lung infection.
In order for the complications that come from dysphagia can be avoided, when eating,stroke patients can be helped with a hose. The hose is inserted into the nose, and then forwarded into their stomach. But sometimes the hose can be directly connected to the stomach of the patient through the operation. The length of the patient requires food hose varies, ranging from a few weeks to a few months. But there's rarely a patient should use food hose for over six months.
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