Hydrocephalus-Type, complications, Causes, Diagnosis And Treatment. Hydrocephalus is a disease that attacks the brain organ. Hydrocephalus sufferers experience a buildup of fluid in the brain that result in increased pressure on the brain.If not immediately treated, this pressure can damage tissues and weaken the function of the brain.
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| Hydrocephalus-Type, complications, Causes, Diagnosis And Treatment |
Hydrocephalus can be experienced by people at all ages, but generally the disease suffered by infants and seniors. Based on the symptoms of the disease, hydrocephalus can be grouped into three types.
- Congenital hydrocephalus. This happens since the new baby was born. A baby who suffered congenital hydrocephalus, its head will look very large. Cantle or fontanel they would look bloated and stiffen. Due to the baby's scalp is still thin, then inflating the veins of the head becomes visible clearly. Babies with hydrocephalus, have eyes that look like looking down and leg muscles look stiff, as well as the susceptible strain.The symptoms of congenital Hydrocephalus is easy sleepy, nauseated, cranky, and hard to eat.
- Hydrocephalus acquired or acquired. This condition suffered by children and adults. In addition to the sufferer will experience nausea and neck pain, head pain will also appear. These headaches usually is very pronounced in the morning after waking up.Other symptoms of Hydrocephalus this type is blurry vision, sleepy, confused, difficult to hold urinary or withhold bowel movements, and it is difficult to walk. If not immediately treated, this condition can lead to coma, and even death.
- Normal pressure hydrocephalus. This condition commonly experienced by seniors.Sufferers have trouble moving his legs, so that some of them were forced to drag the foot in order to run. Other symptoms are urinary control disrupted marked with difficult hold pee or often felt like pee. In addition to the normal pressure hydrocephalus, also have an impact upon the ability to think. They will be hard to digest information and slow in responding to the situation or question.
Immediately checking the infant, child, or yourself to the doctor if you see or feel the symptoms of Hydrocephalus. Especially on babies suffering from congenital hydrocephalus, if not handled correctly, in the long run this condition can lead to complications such as:
- Impaired coordination.
- Epilepsy
- Disorders of vision.
- The decline in memory.
- Learning difficulties ...
- Disorders of the talk.
- It is difficult to concentrate and attention easily sidetracked.
Causes of Hydrocephalus
In our brain called cerebrospinal fluid is contained. This liquid serves as a provider of brain nutrients needed in order to continue working properly. This fluid also acts as a cleanser of waste derived from the metabolism of the brain, protecting the brain from injury, keep the brain stays afloat on its position, and prevent the occurrence of a change of pressure in the brain.
Daily brain upholstery network routinely produce cerebrospinal fluid. The unused fluid is then disposed of the body after it is absorbed by the blood vessels.
Although beneficial for the health of the brain, the cerebrospinal fluid can backfire and turn detrimental to the brain. This happens if the amount of fluid produced is greater than the discarded. This is known as hydrocephalus, namely the increasing volume of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain.
Some triggers the onset of diseases of Hydrocephalus include:
- Poor absorption mechanism of fluid due to inflammation or injury to the brain.
- Obstructed the flow of cerebrospinal fluid resulting from abnormalities in the nervous system.
- Infection of the fetus while still in the womb, which causes inflammation of the fetal brain tissue.
- Bleeding in the brain.
- A brain tumor.
- Severe injuries in the head.
- Stroke.
The diagnosis of Hydrocephalus
The inspection is usually done by hydrocephalus disease a doctor neurologist. The doctor will perform a number of simple checks, such as checking physical characteristics, coordination and balance of the patient, examining the power of hearing, vision, touch, the sense of power and check for tone, strength, and muscle reflexes. There is also a chance that a doctor will examine the psychological condition of the sufferer.
To further ensure there is a buildup of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain or ascertain whether there are other conditions that cause similar symptoms with hydrocephalus, the doctor can perform a scan of the brain. The procedure is done with:
- CT scan. Usually used as an emergency inspection against disease hydrocephalus.Through a CT scan, an image of the brain in slices of latitude can be generated by x-ray technology.
- An MRI scan. This examination aims to obtain images of the brain in detail by using a magnetic field and radio waves.
- Ultrasound. This examination is relatively secure and low-risk. Therefore,ULTRASOUND is often used as an initial examination to detect fetal Hydrocephalus or a baby who's been born.
Treatment of Hydrocephalus
The main treatment of Hydrocephalus is through surgery with the goal of disposing of excess cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. One type of operation to handle the mounting operation is Hydrocephalus shunt.
A shunt is a special tool shaped hoses are paired by surgeons into the head with the aim of siphoning the liquid brain into another body part for further absorbed by the blood vessels. Body parts are often chosen as the route the flow of cerebrospinal fluid is the abdominal cavity. The shunt valve is equipped with a function control flow so that the presence of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain not receding too quickly.
A shunt fitted on babies and children generally need to be replaced along with the Agency to adjust the growth they grew large. It is estimated as many as two times shunt procedures will be performed on their children before age 10 years.
Type of operation handling other Hydrocephalus is endoscopic third ventriculostomy or simply ETV. In contrast to the operation of the shunt installation, on ETV procedure,cerebrospinal fluid dumped by way of creating a new absorption on the surface holeof the brain. This procedure is usually applied in cases of Hydrocephalus that is triggered by the blockage of the ventricles of the brain.
Side effects of the treatment of Hydrocephalus
The operation proved to be effective in dealing with hydrocephalus. However, it is not impossible for this procedure can cause the side effects later in life. For example, in the operation of the shunt installation, side effects that arise are usually caused by damage or blockage in the tool itself. This is reasonable because the shunt is made from a material made from soft vulnerable to obstacles.
For more details, here are some of the side effects that may occur after the pairing procedure shunt.
- The infection. The condition is relatively common, especially in the months following the surgery. Post installation of shunt infection symptoms include nausea, headache,stiff neck, fever, and pain around the line shunt. In children, they will often be sleepy or fussy. If the infection is not too severe, doctors usually will only prescribe antibiotics. But if worrisome, shunt replacement surgery will likely be needed.
- Of blockages If clogged, then the shunt cerebrospinal fluid can accumulate in the brain back. These conditions must be dealt with because it can cause brain damage. In infants, the side effects will be recognizable from the physical characteristics, such ass welling of the head back. In addition to the swelling, symptoms of shunt blockage is nausea, headache, drowsiness, confused, and the worst is a comma. Just like infection,blockage of a shunt is usually treated with surgery for a shunt that is broken.
- Changing positions occasionally shunt installed are not in the right position and of course this can cause problems. In children, especially infants, positioning the shunt can create cerebrospinal fluid seeps into the side of the hose. If they have a wound in the skin, fluid it will exit through the wound. Positioning the shunt in his head to be done carefully. If not, it can cause side effects, such as bleeding, nervous disorders, or seizures.
In addition to the operations of installation of shunt, side effects can also occur endoscopic third ventriculostomy post-operative (ETV). Some side effects include:
- Nerve problems that include a decline in the function of one side of the body,hormone imbalance, double vision, or even epilepsy.
- Bleeding in the brain.
- Damage to the vessels of the brain.
- The infection.
- The failure of the brain to absorb cerebrospinal fluid.
- Close it back hole absorption of cerebrospinal fluid.
In the case of closed the back hole absorption of cerebrospinal fluid ever made, the doctor can take care of that by doing operations ETV. However, if the operation does not successfully treat ETV hydrocephalus, chances are the doctor will switch to the mounting operation of the shunt.
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