Symptoms, Causes And Diagnosis Of Tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (TB), also known by the acronym TB is an infectious disease that causes health problems in the world's second-largest after HIV. Indonesia itself including the big five countries with the largest number of people with TB in Southeast Asia with the number of people with that reach 305.000 inhabitants in 2012.
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| Symptoms, Causes And Diagnosis Of Tuberculosis |
Symptoms Of Tuberculosis
In addition to the main symptoms in the form of cough phlegm so that lasts more than 21 days, tuberculosis also has other symptoms. Of which:
- Cough that bleed.
- Chest pain when breathing or coughing.
- No appetite.
- Weight loss.
- Fever and chills.
- Excessive sweating at night.
Not all TB bacteria that get into the body directly causing the infection is active or active tuberculosis. There are cases in which TB bacteria hiding without causing any symptoms until someday become active and symptoms appear. This condition is known as latent tuberculosis. In addition to having no symptoms, people with latent tuberculosis are also not contagious.
While the immediate trigger of the symptoms of TB because of the bacteria the cause can not be killed by the immune system known as the active tuberculosis. It is very important that the active tuberculosis because if left untreated, TB bacteria can spread and invade other organs such as the brain, kidneys and liver.
The Cause Of Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is caused by a bacteria called mycobacterium tuberculosis. These bacteria are spread through the air via a torrent of saliva from coughing or sneezing people with active tuberculosis.
TB transmission does not occur as easily as the transmission of the flu. Transmission ofTB usually requires some time. The longer a person is exposed or interact with sufferers of tuberculosis, the risk for contracting will be higher as well. For example,living the same House with a person with TB will have a high risk for contracting.
The risk of transmission of TB may also be increased for certain groups of people, such as:
- People who live in the settlements and slums.
- The medical officer who is often associated with a person with.
- Seniors and children.
- People with decreased immune system, such as people with diabetes, cancer, HIV,people with advanced kidney disease as well as people who are malnourished.
- The users of illegal drugs.
- People are addicted to liquor.
In addition to the lungs, TB bacteria can also attack the bones, brain, gastrointestinal tract, lymph system, urinary tract and nervous system.
The Diagnosis Of Tuberculosis
At an early stage, the doctor will examine your physical condition to detect whether there is a swelling of the lymph nodes and using a stethoscope to check your lungs.
If there is a possibility you have TB, doctors will perform some checks to make sure the diagnosis is, among other things:
An x-ray Or CT scan of the chest
If you have TB, photos of test results will show changes in the lungs. X-rays usually used first and if needed a more detailed imaging, used a CT scan.
Mantoux Test
In this test, the doctor will inject the substance into the skin layer of the tuberkulin PPD and then skin reactions will be monitored in the next 2-3 days. The size of the swelling of the injected part would indicate chances are you are suffering from TB.Latent TB sufferers will experience swelling. If someone is experiencing active TB infection, skin reactions will be more significant. In contrast to those who have received the vaccine TB, he will only experience a mild skin reaction crusts.
Examination Of Sputum Samples
In addition to checking for the presence of TB bacteria, this test can also tell if the TB bacteria attack it is resistant antibiotic drugs.
A Blood Test
This test is used to check for the presence of TB antibodies in the body and can detect active and latent tuberculosis.
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