Treatment, Complications And Prevention Of Meningitis. People who are suspected of having meningitis or septicemia should be brought to the hospital as soon as possible. This is a serious condition and emergency. Responses depend on the type of meningitis.
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| Treatment, And Prevention Of Complications Of Meningitis |
Meningitis Bacteria
Care in a hospital is required for the patient as soon as possible meningitis bakterialis.For patients with meningitis are already severe, treatment may be done in the intensive care Room or ICU.
Bacterial infections are treated with antibiotics. The drug is administered through a drip into a vein in the hand. If antibiotics successfully overcome it, then only need to spend about a week in the hospital. But if the condition happens already severe, may have to be hospitalized for several weeks or even several months.
Handling may also will include administering oxygen and intravenous fluids, steroids,or other drugs. Steroids given to reduce inflammation or inflammation in the brain.And keep in mind that diseases of Neisseria meningitidis (meningitis and septicemia combination) can lead to long-term complications.
Meningitis Due To Virus
Cases of viral meningitis can be divided into two, severe and mild. Below are the forms of treatment.
Treatment of mild viral meningitis
Most of the sufferers of the meningitis virus need not be hospitalized. Handling of home to tackle meningitis virus, among others:
- Pain relief medications for headaches
- The anti-Emetic drugs or anti nausea, vomiting
- Many of the rest
- Drink plenty of fluids
With the above handling, most sufferers recover within 1-2 weeks.Treatment of severe viral meningitis
If the symptoms of viral meningitis severe enough and needs to be hospitalized, it will be treated the same as handling meningitis bakterialis, i.e. by using antibiotics.Antibiotics will be withdrawn if the diagnosis of meningitis virus already ascertained, but the liquid the infusion will continue to be given to help the recovery process of the body.Anti-virus medication may be given. This happens when a severe case of viral meningitis increase on someone who is hospitalized.
How To Control Infections That Occur
The risk of the spread of meningitis cases is quite low because most cases of meningitis are isolated. For prevention so as not infected, one dose of antibiotics can be given. For example, antibiotics are given to children who play with other children who contracted meningitis bakterialis.
Complications Of Meningitis
Neisseria meningitidis disease is a condition where blood infections and meningitis occur simultaneously. Of all cases of meningitis, an estimated 25% of people with the disease of Neisseria meningitidis will experience complications. Meningitis bakterialiscan give a heavy pressure on the body and the brain. The severity of the complications can be temporary or permanent, as well as on a variety of different people.
The higher the risk of complications if infection is meningitis is getting worse. These complications occur more frequently in the case of meningitis than viral meningitis cases bakterialis. The following are some of the complications that can occur:
- The problem of memory or concentration
- Hearing loss, can be partial or total
- Learning difficulties, can be temporary or permanent
- Problems with coordination and balance
- Problems in speaking
- The vision is lost, it can be partial or total
- Epilepsy
- Cerebral palsy or cerebral palsy, a generic term for a condition that affects movement and body coordination
Experiencing Hearing Loss
The most common complications of meningitis is hearing loss. Hearing tests will usually be given to check the hearing of people who recently recovered from the disease. The test should be done before you are removed from the hospital or within four weeks after you feel well enough to do the test. A further discussion about the test results can be discussed with a pediatrician.
The emergence of Gangrene on Meningitis
Toxin or toxins produced by bacteria that enter the blood will kill the healthy tissue.The damaged tissue will die and become gangrene. Surgical removal of tissuegangrene is referred to as debridemen. For some severe cases, amputation may be required by one part of the body. E.g. amputation of fingers, toes, or arms.
The psychological effect caused
Especially in children, contracted meningitis can be a traumatic experience. Many thought patterns and behavior that could also change. The psychological effects that may occur are:
- Bed wetting
- Disturbed sleep
- Labile mood
- Nightmare
- Hungry for attention and want to always close to the dear ones – for example, the children feel anxious when not with her parents.
- Develop a fear in the hospitals and doctors
- Feel hopeless and depressed
- Irritable or aggressive
- Angry suddenly
If you're having psychological complications or worrying about your children's behavior problem, consult a doctor. During the recovery process, this effect will growon you or your child over time. For some people, may need additional therapies to overcome it.
Mental health services or treatments such as counseling or speech therapy may be advised your doctor or they will give you a reference to the children's psychologist.
The need for intensive care
Complications can also occur if you treated intensively for several weeks. After leaving the care of intesif, some of the problems that usually happen is to have a sound that slowly, the body weak, tired and feeling depressed.
Prevention Of Meningitis
Meningitis is the result of infections that spread. Bacteria or viruses that cause meningitis can be spread through coughing, sneezing, kissing, or sharing of equipment. Some initial steps to prevent catching meningitis are:
- Wash your hands
- Practicing hygienic living
- The pattern of healthy living
- Close the mouth when sneezing or coughing
- If you're pregnant, be careful in choosing foods
Many cases of viral and bacterial meningitis can be prevented with vaccines. Talking to your doctor if you are not sure if Your vaccinations are up-to-date or not. Vaccinesal ready available include:
- MMR vaccine (measles, measles and gondongan Germany): may be given at the age of 12 months, the vaccine Deuteronomy 5-7 years
- Pneumococcal vaccine (PVC): under 1 year of age is given once every two months, on top of two years given enough once
- Vaccination with DTaP/IPV/Hib Hib bacteria: protection, cough, diphtheria, tetanus and polio virus
Meningitis vaccine immunization schedule is not included but can be obtained as a child in Indonesia. Consult your doctor if wanting the vaccine.
The Application Of Bacterial Meningitis Vaccines For Travel
Neisseria meningitidis bacteria (Neisseria meningitidis) rarely found in Indonesia. So many people of Indonesia who have no immunity to the bacteria. Vaccination is highly recommended for people who are traveling to Indonesia a high-risk area. High-riskareas or regions of origin of these bacteria are Saudi Arabia and most of the countriesin Africa. Potential attendees ' Umrah are required to receive the vaccine before leaving to prevent meningitis hit by meningitis.
Visit places with a high risk of becoming infected with meningitis
It is highly recommended to conduct vaccination against meningitis groups A, C, Y and W135, if traveling to high-risk areas. Especially if you make a plan like below:
- Staying with locals in the area in order to follow the Hajj or Umrah in Saudi Arabia
- Excess activity in the area of the Hajj in Saudi Arabia, being seasonal workers or as TKI
- Stay longer than a month as a backpacker
Administering Vaccinations
For babies aged between two months to two years, the initial doses of vaccine should be followed by a second dose the next three months. Meningitis vaccines are not suitable for infants aged less than two months.
When they first vaccinations for children under five years of age, the vaccine gives protection over the past two to three years. A single dose of vaccine would provide protection for approximately five years for adults and children aged over five years old.
To protect you from meningitis groups A, C, Y, and W135 required vaccinations ACYW135 Neisseria meningitidis. Vaccinations must be administered two to four weeks before you travel around.
Side effects of vaccination
One in ten people who injected vaccine ACWY will get the pain and rash around the injection injuries. Usually these side effects will persist for one to two days. Critical reactions rarely occur, but low-grade fever can appear. This condition is more common in children than adults.
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