Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis And Treatment Of Schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is often portrayed as a crazy disease. This condition causes the sufferer experiencing delusions, hallucinations, thoughts are garbled, and behavior change.Therefore, the schizophrenic is hard in interacting socially and her daily activities.
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| Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis And Treatment Of Schizophrenia |
Symptoms Of Schizophrenia
The symptoms of schizophrenia are divided into two categories, namely, negative and positive symptoms.
' Negative ' symptoms of schizophrenia describes the loss of the nature of the specific abilities and usually is inside the person who is normal. While the ' positive ' symptoms describe psychotic signs which appear in a person due to suffering from schizophrenia.
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia usually appears several years before the sufferer experiencing acute episodes of the first of those conditions. Negative symptoms develop gradually or slowly, until finally becoming increasingly worse. Negative symptoms can be:
- A sense of reluctant to socialize and uncomfortable being close to others so much prefer to dwell in the House.
- Loss of concentration.
- An altered sleep patterns.
- Lose interest and motivation either in establishing relationships with others as well as in life as a whole.
When the sufferer is experiencing negative symptoms, she would look flat and emotionally apathetic. Because it is not aware of or do not know about the negative symptoms of schizophrenia is, sometimes others may misinterpret it as lazy or disrespectful attitude. They also become not care about appearance and hygiene themselves and increasingly withdraws from social. Therefore the negative symptoms of schizophrenia can be a trigger for a broken relationship sufferers with his family or with his friends.
The positive symptoms of schizophrenia include:
- Hallucinations. Occurs when the five senses someone is aroused by something that actually does not exist. The phenomenon of hallucinatory feels very real to the sufferer.
- Delusional. That is a strong belief not based on logic or actual fact.
- The chaotic thoughts and behavior change. Sufferers are difficult to concentrate and mind such as hovering is not necessarily the direction so that their words become confusing. Sufferers may also feel out of control of his own mind. Schizophrenic behavior also be unpredictable and even beyond the norm. For example, they become very agitated or start yelling and cursing without reason.
It is important to recognize the symptoms of schizophrenia as above. If you or your family is experiencing any of these symptoms, check with your doctor immediately. Increasingly early schizophrenia handled, the chance of recovery will be greater.
The Causes Of Schizophrenia
Basically, the exact cause of schizophrenia is unknown. But some experts believe that the development of this condition cannot be separated from the role of a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Allegations about other influences are the abnormalities that occur in the brain chemical substances, such as glutamate and dopamine.
The experts who conducted the study based on brain imaging also said that there are differences in the structure of the brain and nervous system of sufferers of schizophrenia with healthy people.
Genetics, brain chemical substances, brain, and nervous system are part of the "in", while including "outside" factors or the environment can be stress and drug abuse.
Stress or trauma is suspected to be one of the main triggers of schizophrenia. A lot of things that can make a person undergoes stress, including job loss, loss of home, loss of a loved one, divorce, sexual harassment, and so on.
The drug did not cause schizophrenia, but several studies have shown that adolescent marijuana users aged under 15 years, have four times the risk for schizophrenia affected when compared with teens who don't use marijuana. In addition to marijuana, other types of drugs that can be trigger schizophrenia is cocaine, heroin, and other.
The Diagnosis Of Schizophrenia
In diagnosing schizophrenia, the physician will collect data, including data about the specific symptoms that indicate that the patient is suffering from schizophrenia.
Patients could be diagnosed with schizophrenia by a doctor if:
- Have at least two symptoms, both negative and positive symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, thought is garbled, and behavior change.
- These symptoms have been experienced by patients for more than six months.
- These symptoms have been disruptive activity and productivity of patients in daily life.
- The symptoms are there has certainly not been caused by the effects of drugs.
Schizophrenics are generally reluctant to saw a doctor. The role of the family or friendsis very important in dealing with this situation. If schizophrenia suffered family or the person closest to you are still classified as light, try to persuade her to want to do the examination to the doctor. Because once again, the early handling of schizophrenia is made, then the chance of recovery will be greater. However, if schizophrenia suffered acute already, then you should ask for help (usually to the hospital) to bring the patient to the hospital by force. This prevents the patient do things that endanger himself or others.
The Treatment Of Schizophrenia
Treatment of schizophrenia usually takes place in a long period of time, even if the symptoms have already subsided. That is because the symptoms of schizophrenia can still relapse at any time.
Schizophrenia is handled with a combination of drugs and therapy (psychologicalmedicine). During the period of acute symptoms, hospitalization in a mental hospital may be needed to ensure the nutrition, hygiene, and break the sufferers, as well as ensure the safety of yourself and those survivors in the vicinity.
Drugs
Drugs is the handling of early schizophrenia, and drugs prescribed by doctors is an anti psychotic. Anti psychotics affect serotonin and dopamine on the performance of the brain. The drug is able to prevent, reduce, even eliminate the hallucinations,delusions, agitation, and anxiety experienced by sufferers of schizophrenia.
Sufferers using antipsychotics, his behaviour is not as aggressive as other suffererswho do not use this medication. In addition, according to the study, those using anti psychotics also rarely experience a relapse after his condition improved.
Anti psychotic medications can be used in two ways, i.e. drunk or injected. For patients with schizophrenia who has gone through a period of acute, administering anti psychotics should still be given as a precaution.
There are two categories of anti psychotic drugs, namely the old generation anti psychotics (chlorpromazine, perphenazine, fluphenazine, haloperidol and) and the new generation (clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, ziprasidone, and aripiprazole, risperidone, paliperidone)
Side effects that only exist on the old generation of anti psychotics are the musclest witch noticeably, body shaking, and muscle spasms. While there are side effects on both types of anti psychotics is increased weight gain, constipation, drowsiness,overcast, dry mouth, and decreased sex passion.
The current new generation antipsychotic medication is most often recommended bydoctors because it is considered to have fewer side effects.
Handling the psychological
After the symptoms of schizophrenia, while reda should still continue consumption ofmedicine, sufferers also need psychological treatment. There are some things that are included in this psychological handling.
The first is the individual therapy. In this therapy, sufferers are taught how to cope with stress and to control schizophrenia through identification of signs of a relapse early. This therapy is also useful to restore their confidence. Individual therapy is also beneficial to re-develop their ability to work in a fill routine life.
In addition, in individual therapy, sufferers of schizophrenia also will be taught ways to control my feelings and he thought patterns. The goal is to replace negative thoughts with positive things.
The second is the therapy's ability to socialize. In this case the sufferer is taught how to improve communication and interaction with others.
And the third is guidance for families of sufferers. To this extension is to provide education and insight on the families of schizophrenics, either about how to resolve problems that arise due to the symptoms, as well as how to provide support for people with schizophrenia.
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