Rubella-Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment And Prevention. Rubella or measles Germany generally strikes children and young adults. The disease is caused by the rubella virus and can be spread very easily.
The main means of transmission can be via water points in the air that come from coughing or sneezing patients. Sharing food or drink with the sufferer can also transmit rubella. Similarly if you touch your eyes, nose, or mouth after holding the virus contaminated objects rubella.
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| Rubella-Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment And Prevention |
Rubella and pregnancy
Though equally cause rashes on the skin redness, unlike measles rubella. The diseaseis usually milder than measles. But if a pregnant woman is attacked, especially before the age of five months of pregnancy, rubella potentially high congenital rubella syndrome to cause or even the death of a baby in the womb. Who estimates each year there are about 100,000 babies in the world are born with this syndrome.
Congenital rubella syndrome can cause birth defects in the baby, such as deafness,cataracts, congenital heart disease, brain damage, liver organ, as well as the lungs.Type 1 diabetes, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, as well as brain swelling can also develop in children who are born with this syndrome.
People with Rubella in Indonesia
Since the existence of the vaccination programme, the number of rubella cases recorded globally was reduced significantly. In 2012, sufferers of rubella in South-East Asia that were recorded by the WHO is around 6,500 inhabitants. In Indonesia alone,Riskesdas reports that there are more than 400 cases of rubella were recorded in Indonesia in 2011.
Rubella symptoms
People with rubella in children are likely to experience the symptoms that are lighter than adult sufferers. But there are also people with rubella are not experiencing any symptoms and can still transmit rubella.
The disease generally takes about 14-21 days since the exposure occurred to cause the symptoms. Common symptoms of rubella include:
- Fever.
- Headache.
- Nasal congestion or a runny nose.
- No appetite and nausea.
- Mild irritation to the eyes.
- Swelling of the lymph glands in the neck and ear.
- A rash of reddish spots shaped that originally appeared in the face and then spreads to the body, hands, and feet. This rash usually lasts for 1-4 days.
- Pain in the joints, especially on female sufferers.
Once infected, the virus will spread to the whole body within 5-7 days. The highest transmission of rubella patients are usually in 1-5 days after the rash appears.
If you or your child experience any of the above symptoms, check with your doctor immediately.
The Process Of Diagnosis Of Rubella
Reddish rashes due to rubella has similar characteristics to other rash-rash. In order to confirm the diagnosis, the doctor will usually take blood or saliva samples for examination in the laboratory.
These tests are used to detect the presence of antibodies to rubella. If there areantibodies IgM, means you're contracted rubella. While the presence of IgG mean you've never had rubella or have received the vaccination.
Examination of rubella can also be included in the prenatal tests for pregnant women,especially for high-risk. This examination is done through a blood test.
If the pregnant woman was diagnosed with rubella, advanced examination that may be recommended is an ultrasound and amniocentesis. Amniocentesis is a procedure the taking and analysis of samples of amniotic fluid to detect abnormalities in the fetus.
The Handling Of Rubella
Rubella do not need special medical treatment from a doctor. Handling can be doneat home with these simple steps. The goal is to relieve symptoms and not speed healing of rubella. Here are some simple steps that can be done.
- Rest as much as possible.
- Drink plenty of water to prevent dehydration.
- Reduce pain and fever. The sufferer may be taking paracetamol or ibuprofen to lower heat and relieve the pain in the joints.
- Drinking warm water mixed with honey and lemon to relieve sore throats and runny noses.
Prevention Rubella
Prevention of rubella is most effective is by vaccination, especially for women whoplan to become pregnant. About 90 percent of people who receive this vaccine will prevent rubella.
Prevention rubella combination vaccine MMR in which also prevents measles and mumps. This vaccine is included in the list of mandatory immunization for children in Indonesia.
MMR can be carried at any given time, but generally children aged one year three months and repeated when the child was six years old.
Women who are planning pregnancy also recommended self checked through blood tests. If the results of the tests showed that a woman does not yet have immunity to rubella, the doctor will recommend it to receive MMR vaccine. After that, he will have to wait at least four weeks to get pregnant. Please keep in mind that vaccination should not be lived while being pregnant.
In addition to vaccines, prevent the transmission and spread of rubella is also important. His methods include:
- Avoid contact with the patient as much as possible, especially for pregnant women who have not received the MMR vaccine and people with weak immune systems.
- Move the patient to a separate room away from family members.
- Keep clean themselves, for example, always wash your hands before eating, after traveling, or in case of contact with the patient.
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